A heat engine is a device which transforms the chemical energy of a fuel into thermal energy and uses this energy to produce mechanical work. It is classified into two types a external combustion engine b internal combustion engine external combustion engine. Fuels and combustion introduction definition classification of fuels calorific value and its units introduction a chemical fuel is defined as a combustible substance containing carbon as the main constituent, which on complete combustion gives large amount of heat that can be used economically for domestic and industrial purposes. The definition of combustion is a chemical reaction in which energy is released from combined fuel and oxygen. Fossil fuels, which include coal, natural gas, petroleum, shale oil, and bitumen, are the main sources of heat and electrical energy. Fuel is a combustible substance, containing carbon as a main constituent, which on. Chemical engineering fuel and combustion technology nptel. Combustion takes place when fuel, most commonly a fossil fuel, reacts with the oxygen in air to produce heat. Investigating burning candles ppt combustion of fuels ppt combustion of fuels ws general equations. Fuels and combustion bureau of energy efficiency 1 syllabus introduction to fuels, properties of fuel oil, coal and gas, storage, handling and preparation of fuels, principles of combustion, combustion of oil, coal, and gas this chapter is a prelude to boilers and furnaces 1. Nptel chemical engineering fuel and combustion technology.
Introduction to fossil fuels and products of combustion print in the first lesson on the world and the u. The combustion equipment is a component of the steam generator. Reacting metals and nonmetals with oxygen lesson 5. Explosion is the uncontrolled rapid oxidation of a fuel. Since the source of heat is the combustion of a fuel, a. Lecture notes on fuels and combustion thermodynamics. Meanng of fuel is a substance that is burned to provide nuclear energy, heat or power. Search for library items search for lists search for contacts search for a library.
All these fuels containbesides the major constituents. Chemical equations combustion equations involved in combustion. The process of combustion of elements and compounds can be represented by the chemical equations. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office. Stoichiometric ratio the perfect amount of oxygen and fuel mixed during combustion such that nothing is.
Powerpoint slide on fuel and combustion part ii compiled by trinity academia. If combustion of a stoichiometric mixture is complete in flue gas cannot be nor fuel neither oxygen. Water vapor is a byproduct of burning fuel that contains hydrogen and this robs heat from the flue gases principles of combustion fuels and combustion 1t temperature 2t turbulence 3t time. Gaseous fuels the ease and flexibility of application of gaseous fuels give them advantages over solid or liquid fuels advantagesofgaseousfuels combustion may be readily controlled greater thermal efficiency smoke and ash are eliminated economical utilization of low grade solid fuels after gasification use in internal combustion engines for the. In this article, we have discussed fuel efficiency, and types of fuel. Burning fuels, combustion, candle investigation ks3 for. In rcci the combustible mixture with two fuels is made before combustion starts early injection of high reactivity. By increasing the oxygen supply but this method involves a wastage of large proportion of heat carried by air itself. Fuels and combustion chapter 4 fuels and combustion 4. Combustion is the controlled rapid oxidation of a fuel.
Materials like coal, wood, gas, and oil are burned to provide heat. It also includes applications for the alternative fuels in advanced combustion research applications. Here we will limit our attention to combustion of a fuel with air or pure oxygen. Group members mohd arifdce2018 mohit kr rajputdce2048 mohd tassavardce2098 wasim ahmaddce2010 mohd danishdce2022 shoaib parvezdce2054 mohd suhel. Sometimes, combinations of fuels are used to reduce emissions or improve boiler performance.
The fuel reacts with the oxygen of the air to form products such as carbon dioxide and water which have a lower enthalpy of formation or reference enthalpy than the reactants. Chemical fuels exist in gaseous, liquid, or solid form. There are several types of combustion, including internal combustion, diesel combustion, lowtemperature combustion, clean diesel combustion and other novel types. Requirements of combustion equipment of steam boilers 3.
Different fuels produce different amounts of heat on burning. Fuel load temperature winds moisture effect of aspect on fuel temperature and moisture wind direction fuels transition earlier heating earlier cooling generally lee side of mountain lightest fuels lowest fuel moisture highest temperature earlier curing of fuels earlier snow melt fuels transition later heating later cooling generally windward. Chemical fuels are substances that release energy by reacting with substances around them, most notably by the process of combustion. The aircraft fuel system and engine fuel system as well as the type, designation, and requirements of the aircraft fuels, are discussed in this chapter. Ncv is defined as the amount of heat obtained practically on complete combustion of unit mass of solid or liquid fuel. Introduction to fossil fuels and products of combustion. Combustion equipment for steam boilers energy management. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. A fuel contains carbon and hydrogen as main combustible elements. The amount of air supplied per kg fuel, as well as the completeness of combustion influence the combustion temperature of fuels. The amount of heat produced by the complete burning or combustion of 1kilogram of a fuel is called its calorific value. Combustion and flame ppt class 8 notes edurev is made by best teachers of class 8.
Ppt fuels and combustion powerpoint presentation free. A fuel is a substance which gives heat energy on combustion. An important aspect of power generation involves the supply of heat to the working fluid, which in the case of steam. Demulsification is practical only in aboveground storage where there is an acceptable. The lesson requires a setup for the detection of the products of combustion with cocl2 paper and lime water, and a practical investigating the amount of oxygen used up in combustion measured as the volume of water sucked up inside the beaker when put at the top of the burning tea candle placed in the trough filled with water. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. These equations are also called as combustion equations. Combustion fundamentals to understand the fonnation ofpollutants in combustion systems, we must first under stand the nature ofthe fuels being burned, the thennodynamics ofthe combustion pro cess, and some aspects offlame structure. Transition between preignition and combustion low temps charring glowing combustion high temps gases flaming combustion 2 types of natural ignition. Fuels and combustion free download as powerpoint presentation. Fuels are any material that store potencial energy in any forms that can be particularly used as heat energy the concept of fuel was originally applied solely to those materials that are storing energy in the form of chemical energy that could be released through combustion. Combustion terminology combustion the rapid oxidation of a fuel, usually via the oxygen present in air, resulting in the release of energy heat and light. I time of induction ignitionended with ignition of light fractions of oil, ii burning evaporation, crackingof heavy fractions of oil, formation of coke shell, iii micro explosion destruction of coke shall, iv burnout of coke shall. Pulverized coal the combustion rate of solid fuels is generally slow because of the difficulty of thorough contact between the solid fuels and oxygen.
Combustion calculation there are mainly three types of measuring calorific value of fuel by several. Chaplin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss mmair fuel 11. The calorific value of a fuel is expressed in the unit of kilojoules per kilogram. Introduction to combustion equipment for steam boilers. Introduction to fuels, properties of fuel oil, coal and gas, storage, handling and preparation of fuels, principles of combustion, combustion of oil, coal, and. Lightning high temperature within column of hot gases 100 cloudtoground dischargessec on earth only 0. Combustion and fuels burning of a single droplet of heavy oil four phases of combustion.
Unesco eolss sample chapters thermal power plants vol. Combustion is a mass and energy conversion process during which chemical bond energy is transformed to thermal energy. High reactivity ci engine like fuel is sprayed and act as the combustion initating fuel. Composition of fuel mixture when fuel and oxidizer composition in the mixture fuel and oxidizer results from the equation of stoichiometry we say that the mixture is stoichiometric.
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